Raise the survey question directly during the viewing itself: what has already been surveyed, when, and would the seller support an independent survey of the buyer's choosing rather than relying on an existing report. A seller and consultant comfortable with independent verification is a good sign in itself.
Financial exposure is the final piece. Ownership ties capital to an asset whose value moves with the market and with the vessel's condition and maintenance history. Charter avoids that exposure entirely, trading it for a cost that is fully known in advance for any given week.
None of these questions are confrontational. A consultant working properly expects them and should answer plainly. A viewing where every question gets a clear, specific answer is a strong signal in its own right.
Start with condition. Ask what surveys have already been carried out on the vessel, when, and by whom. A consultant should be able to explain the difference between a hull survey, an engine survey and a rig inspection, and why a buyer might want all three before committing. Ask, too, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_Independence what the survey is unlikely to cover, since no single inspection catches everything.
Move to history. How long has the vessel been on the market, and has the asking price moved. A consultant advising honestly will discuss market positioning rather than simply confirming the number on the listing. Ask about ownership history, any insurance claims, and whether the vessel has operated under charter, since charter use changes wear patterns compared with private use alone.
The practical advice is straightforward: ask for a stage-by-stage timeline in writing before making an offer, and treat any estimate that skips survey or paperwork detail with some caution.